

Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. One study found that color had a disease diagnosis accuracy rate of nearly 92 percent. This is especially the case with tongue color. These TCM tongue principles are also being used in clinical studies. For example, a thin tongue may indicate fluid loss.

TCM also considers the shape of your tongue as an important indicator of your health. Too much moisture indicates “dampness” in your body, while a dry tongue is the exact opposite. The moisture of your tongue is also investigated in TCM. While a healthy tongue ought to have a thin whitish coating, TCM notes that a thicker coating could indicate an acute issue with your bladder, stomach, or intestines. Abnormal color changes over the long term could indicate issues with major body organs, such as the heart, liver, and kidneys. Tongue color is considered the most important indication of all in TCM. There are four main areas of the tongue observed in TCM: According to TCM principles, the tongue itself is considered a representation of your overall health. Health diagnoses by tongue has long been done by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practitioners. Sometimes your papillae can multiply and look hairy, which is a characteristic of a benign condition called hairy black tongue. Diabetes is another potential cause of a black tongue. A dark brown to black tongue is most commonly attributed to bacteria from poor oral hygiene habits. However, tobacco use is another cause of brown tongue, a harmful habit that could potentially lead to signs of oral cancer in the tongue, such as sores. This is usually harmless and caused by what you eat and drink. Sometimes leukoplakia may become cancerous. White tongue may also be caused by benign conditions such as leukoplakia or oral lichen planus, which creates the appearance of white lines. Antifungal medications can clear these patches up. These are usually caused by fungal infections, such as oral thrush. A white tongue is usually caused by white patches that grow on the surface. Peptic ulcers or eczema may also be to blame. Sometimes digestive issues may cause your tongue to turn gray. Sometimes jaundice and psoriasis may also cause yellow tongue. Your tongue may have a yellow appearance if you smoke or use chewing tobacco. This may be attributed to lung problems or kidney disease. Blue tongue may be indicative of poor oxygen circulation in the blood. A purple tongue may also be seen in Kawasaki disease. Heart problems and poor overall blood circulation may cause your tongue to turn purple. Red patches with white borders along your tongue is a rare, but harmless condition called geographic tongue. Scarlet fever, eczema, and Kawasaki disease may also cause your tongue to turn red. A red (not dark pink) tongue could indicate as something as simple as a B vitamin deficiency, which can be remedied by supplementation.

Below are other colors your tongue may be and what they could mean. When your tongue is not its normal pink color, you could have an underlying health issue.
